متروبوليتان رام الله والبيرة وبيتونيا Metropolitan “Ramallah, Al-Bireh, Beituniya”

جابر, ماهر (2006) متروبوليتان رام الله والبيرة وبيتونيا Metropolitan “Ramallah, Al-Bireh, Beituniya”. Masters thesis, Birzeit University.

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Abstract

Planning science is considered the basis for any developmental and comprehensive plan for any region. Planning has many domains and levels which include planning on Metropolitan level that deals with policies, mechanisms and standards for managing and administrating all urban and architectural elements, in order to accomplish the international trend of planning towards consolidating the neighboring urban agglomerations. The urban situation in Palestinian cities and governorates are almost the same in terms of lands misuse, building mixed functions, traffic congestion, lack of qualified road networks, lack of parking buildings, and green areas negligence..etc. Ramallah Al-Bireh and Beituniya cities are a good example, especially if we knew that these three agglomerations constitute a continuous and overlapping demographic and urban unit, but each one of them is administratively and systematically independent. So this thesis has come up in order to make comprehensive planning studies for the region (Ramallah, Al-Bireh, Beituniya cities, and Kafer Aqab, Rafat, Beitin, surda, Ein Arik, Ein Qiniya villages), so that to develop and use the resources of each agglomeration properly, by making the different necessary studies such as economic, demographic, transportation and environmental studies which will lead to a comprehensive development planning. XII The total area of the study region is 80 km2, it is considered the most attractive one for manpower in Palestine. The region total population reaches 101600 people in 2005 with annual growth rate of 3.91%. It was necessary for a comprehensive scientific planning study on Metropolitan level in the west bank to achieve the previous objectives. So this study called 'Metropolitan Ramalah, Al-Bireh and Beituniya' has appeared as a case study for many reasons such as region confidentiality, the existence of lots of governmental and non-governmental establishments, the noticeable unstudied urban expansions which results in many urban problems, besides the region geographical and political privilege to be an area for implementing Metropolitan Project. This thesis reviewed study region, existed problems, goals and objectives, the followed methodology, the modern scientific principles for conducting Metropolitan studies from social, economic, and physical perspectives, besides studying all urban topics that included lands uses, transportation, infrastructure, industrial areas, Protection and cultural heritage conservation, demographic, social, economic, and environmental studies, which has been reviewed through many elucidative maps, images, and figures. The thesis also put a plan for the expected alternatives and scenarios, the mechanisms for evaluating them to reach to the wanted solutions, taking into consideration that planning studies and results follow estimates and point of views according to the needs and circumstances of XIII the region more than following a rigid science or mathematical formulas as in many other engineering sciences. This study is the first one in Palestine in treating the urban planning on Metropolitan level, and finding the proper scientific and practical solutions, which can be applied through taking many standards and conditions, therefore achieving the great objective which is developing the region in a comprehensive manner.

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